Getting started
Seven questions before buying an Irish formation package
Choose formation support by checking your directors, identity route, Irish address, ownership, recurring costs and the work included in your package.
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50 original, illustrated articles for the decisions and tasks that come with an Irish company. Start with a topic or search for a specific question.
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Read alongside our formation guides. Published 11 October 2026 by Ireland Company Formation.
Getting started
How to prepare your company formation information pack
Build a consistent Irish incorporation information pack with officer details, company names, share instructions and a safe document handover process.
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Getting started
Choosing a NACE activity code for your Irish company
Describe your principal business activity clearly before selecting a NACE code on CRO CORE, with practical examples for founders doing several activities.
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Getting started
LTD or DAC: questions to ask before choosing a company type
Compare the practical questions behind an Irish LTD or DAC choice, including business scope, director arrangements and requirements from investors or advisers.
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Getting started
What founders should review in a company constitution
Review your Irish company constitution with a practical sign-off list covering identity, share instructions, company type and questions for a legal adviser.
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Getting started
Reserving an Irish company name before incorporation
Understand what CRO company-name reservation does, its 28-day window and how to plan document preparation without mistaking a reservation for incorporation.
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Getting started
Company name, business name, domain and trademark: four checks
Separate your Irish legal company name, trading name, website domain and trademark checks so a successful registration does not create false confidence.
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Getting started
Changing an Irish company name: plan the handover
Plan an Irish company-name change around CRO approval, the special resolution, updated constitution and coordinated banking, customer and supplier records.
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Getting started
CRO number, tax number and VAT number: what to record
Keep your Irish company’s CRO registration, Revenue tax reference and VAT status clear, with a practical register for invoices and supplier onboarding.
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Getting started
Build a first-year budget beyond the formation price
Build a first-year Irish company budget covering incorporation, recurring services, accounting, operating costs and a reserve for unresolved needs.
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Ownership & directors
Single-director LTD: can the director also be secretary?
Understand the separate-secretary requirement for a single-director Irish LTD and prepare a practical appointment, consent and filing handover.
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Ownership & directors
Director or shareholder: which decisions belong to which role?
Separate ownership from management in an Irish company and prepare clearer founder conversations about director responsibilities and shareholder decisions.
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Ownership & directors
Questions to prepare for a shareholders’ agreement
Prepare a focused brief for a solicitor covering founder contributions, decision-making, future investment, departures and disagreement in an Irish company.
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Ownership & directors
Initial share allocation: a worked example for founders
Use a simple 600-and-400 share example to understand percentages, nominal amounts and why an ownership split needs an explicit agreement before incorporation.
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Ownership & directors
Share allotment or share transfer: identify the transaction first
Distinguish issuing new shares from transferring existing shares, and prepare the facts an Irish company adviser needs before arranging approvals and records.
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Ownership & directors
Tracing beneficial ownership through a corporate shareholder
Prepare an ownership-chain map when a company holds shares in your Irish LTD, with evidence and questions for assessing natural-person ownership or control.
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Ownership & directors
Does exactly 25% make someone an RBO beneficial owner?
Understand why the RBO share test uses more than 25%, and why voting rights and other control still need review when a person holds exactly a quarter.
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Ownership & directors
Updating RBO information after an ownership change
Coordinate an Irish company ownership change with internal beneficial ownership records and the RBO update process, including the 14-day update requirement.
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Ownership & directors
Your first board meeting: a practical agenda and minute record
Prepare a useful first-board discussion for an Irish company, covering company records, appointments, banking, compliance tasks and a clear record of decisions.
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Ownership & directors
Preparing director identity information safely and consistently
Prepare PPSN or IPN identity details with name matching, safe handover and restricted access. Keep sensitive evidence out of public enquiries.
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Overseas founders
EEA director residency: why a passport is not the answer
Assess director residency for Irish incorporation by separating citizenship, where directors actually live and the proposed compliance route.
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Overseas founders
A UK-based founder’s Irish director-residency checklist
Plan Irish incorporation from the UK: check EEA director residency, bond needs, identification, an Irish address and separate tax and banking work.
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Overseas founders
Section 137 bond: coverage is different from business capital
Understand the difference between a Section 137 bond’s €25,000 coverage and its purchase cost, and prepare the coverage dates and renewal questions.
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Overseas founders
What to review when your EEA-resident director moves abroad
Prepare for a director’s move with a residency review, company-record updates and a continuity plan before the Irish company’s existing route changes.
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Overseas founders
Section 140: questions about a real and continuous Irish link
Prepare evidence questions for a Section 140 director-residency exemption, and understand why an address or company certificate is not automatic approval.
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Overseas founders
No PPSN: preparing for the CRO IPN and VIF route
Prepare questions about the CRO IPN identity route where you have no PPSN, including eligibility, existing records, consistent names and safe evidence handling.
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Overseas founders
Revenue registration when no director is Irish-resident
Plan tax registration for an Irish company with no Irish-resident directors, checking Revenue’s eRegistration limitations and the route your adviser will use.
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Overseas founders
Irish company formation and permission to live or work
Separate incorporating an Irish company from immigration and work permission, with a practical checklist for founders planning to move to Ireland.
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Overseas founders
Registered office or trading address: explain the difference
Separate an Irish company’s registered office from where it trades, and prepare accurate address answers for banks, customers and advisers.
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Overseas founders
A renewal plan for a non-resident Irish company
Coordinate bond coverage, registered-office renewal and company administration with a practical calendar for founders managing an Irish company from overseas.
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Company administration
Your first 30 days after Irish incorporation
Turn an Irish incorporation certificate into a practical first-month plan for records, ownership, banking, tax questions and the people handling company tasks.
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Company administration
CRO, RBO and Revenue: who handles each filing?
Map responsibility for CRO filings, beneficial ownership submissions and Revenue registrations and returns, with clear owners and handovers.
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Company administration
Build a compliance calendar from your incorporation date
Create an Irish company calendar that distinguishes the six-month first annual return, its filing window, beneficial ownership filing and ongoing review tasks.
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Company administration
First and later annual returns: what changes?
Prepare for the difference between an Irish company’s first annual return without accounts and later returns that need the appropriate financial statements.
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Company administration
Financial year end and annual return date: plan them together
Distinguish an Irish company’s accounting year end from its CRO annual return date and discuss a coordinated accounts and filing timetable with your adviser.
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Company administration
A dormant Irish company still needs an administration plan
Plan filings and records for an Irish company that is not trading, and distinguish informal inactivity from the specific conditions of dormant audit exemption.
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Company administration
Late annual returns and audit exemption: the rule since July 2025
Check CRO’s current rule for repeated late annual returns after 16 July 2025, and plan a filing review without relying on older automatic-loss explanations.
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Company administration
Changing your registered office without losing important post
Plan an Irish registered-office change with the CRO Form B2 process, new-provider readiness and a careful handover of official correspondence and records.
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Company administration
Changing directors or secretary: prepare the B10 handover
Prepare an Irish company officer change with accurate dates, consent, Form B10 timing and a review of records, access and director-residency arrangements.
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Company administration
Company registers and central filings: keep both organised
Organise internal member, officer and beneficial ownership records alongside central filings, with version control and clear responsibility.
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Tax & business records
A tax-registration sequence for your new Irish company
Plan the handover from Irish incorporation to Revenue registration, choosing the tax heads with your accountant and keeping official outcomes and access clear.
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Tax & business records
Irish VAT thresholds: classify turnover before comparing numbers
Review the €42,500 services and €85,000 goods VAT thresholds, mixed activities and cross-border exceptions with your accountant before registering.
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Tax & business records
Voluntary VAT registration: questions before you elect
Discuss voluntary VAT registration with your accountant: customer pricing, eligible activity, costs, records and the ongoing VAT return workload.
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Tax & business records
Before paying your first employee: a payroll preparation plan
Prepare employer registration, employee information and a payroll workflow before an Irish company’s first wage payment, including Revenue’s reporting timing.
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Tax & business records
Director withdrawals: describe the payment before moving money
Keep company and personal money distinguishable, and prepare salary, expense, loan and distribution questions for your accountant before a director withdrawal.
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Tax & business records
ROS access: a safe administrator and adviser handover
Plan Revenue Online Service access, digital certificates, administrator and sub-user permissions, with a clear handover to your tax adviser.
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Tax & business records
Business records: make six-year retention usable
Organise Irish company invoices, receipts and accounting evidence around Revenue’s six-year retention guidance, with secure access and backups.
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Tax & business records
Employee and director expenses: prepare the evidence first
Prepare receipts, business-purpose explanations and travel records for expense reimbursements, including Revenue’s enhanced reporting requirements.
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Tax & business records
Irish incorporation and cross-border company tax residence
Discuss company tax residence using incorporation, management, directors and treaty questions. An Irish address alone does not settle the outcome.
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Tax & business records
Prepare an Irish business bank application without assuming approval
Prepare company, director, beneficial ownership and business-activity details for an Irish bank application. Check the bank’s current requirements.
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